Key Facts

Overview

Sedna is a dwarf planet whose orbit extends beyond the orbit of Neptune. NASA JPL has not classified Sedna as potentially hazardous because its orbit does not bring it close to Earth.

Sedna orbits the sun every 4,600,000 days (12,594.11 years), coming as close as 76.37 AU and reaching as far as 1006.83 AU from the sun. Its orbit is highly elliptical. Based on its brightness and the way it reflects light, Sedna is probably between 1319.942 to 2951.481 kilometers in diameter, making it the largest asteroid/dwarf planet, very roughly comparable in size to the U.S. state of Alaska.

The rotation of Sedna has been observed. It completes a rotation on its axis every 10.27 hours.

No Close Approaches

Sedna's orbit is 75.40 AU from Earth's orbit at its closest point. This means that there is an extremely wide berth between this asteroid and Earth at all times.

Orbital simulations conducted by NASA JPL's CNEOS do not show any close approaches to Earth.

Images and Observations

Sedna's orbit is determined by observations dating back to Sept. 25, 1990. It was last officially observed on Jan. 11, 2023. The IAU Minor Planet Center records 483 observations used to determine its orbit.

Accessibility and Exploration

This asteroid is not considered a viable target for human exploration by the NHATS study.

References

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Orbital Elements

  • Epoch: 2460200.5 JD
  • Semi-major axis: 541.6 AU
  • Eccentricity: 0.859
  • Inclination: 11.93°
  • Longitude of Ascending Node: 144.3°
  • Argument of Periapsis: 310.84°
  • Mean Anomaly: 358.53°

Physical Characteristics

  • Diameter: ~1704.038 km
  • Magnitude: 1.52

Derived Characteristics

  • Orbit Period: 4,600,000 days (12,594.11 years)
  • Avg. Orbit Speed: 1.28 km/s
  • Aphelion Distance: 1006.83 AU
  • Perihelion Distance: 76.37 AU
  • Rotation Period: 10.27 hours

Map Comparison

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Orbit Simulation

Sky Map

The position of Sedna is indicated by a ◯ pink circle. Note that the object may not be in your current field of view. Use the controls below to adjust position, location, and time.