Key Facts

Overview

Eris is a dwarf planet whose orbit extends beyond the orbit of Neptune. NASA JPL has not classified Eris as potentially hazardous because its orbit does not bring it close to Earth.

Eris orbits the sun every 206,000 days (564.00 years), coming as close as 38.69 AU and reaching as far as 97.61 AU from the sun. Based on its brightness and the way it reflects light, Eris is probably between 4640.395 to 10376.239 kilometers in diameter, making it the largest asteroid/dwarf planet, very roughly comparable in size to the U.S. state of Alaska.

The rotation of Eris has been observed. It completes a rotation on its axis every 25.90 hours.

No Close Approaches

Eris's orbit is 37.70 AU from Earth's orbit at its closest point. This means that there is an extremely wide berth between this asteroid and Earth at all times.

Orbital simulations conducted by NASA JPL's CNEOS do not show any close approaches to Earth.

Images and Observations

Eris's orbit is determined by observations dating back to Sept. 3, 1954. It was last officially observed on Jan. 24, 2023. The IAU Minor Planet Center records 2,364 observations used to determine its orbit.

Accessibility and Exploration

This asteroid is not considered a viable target for human exploration by the NHATS study.

References

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Orbital Elements

  • Epoch: 2460200.5 JD
  • Semi-major axis: 68.15 AU
  • Eccentricity: 0.4323
  • Inclination: 43.74°
  • Longitude of Ascending Node: 36.08°
  • Argument of Periapsis: 150.87°
  • Mean Anomaly: 209.4°

Physical Characteristics

  • Diameter: ~5990.725 km
  • Magnitude: -1.21

Derived Characteristics

  • Orbit Period: 206,000 days (564.00 years)
  • Avg. Orbit Speed: 3.60 km/s
  • Aphelion Distance: 97.61 AU
  • Perihelion Distance: 38.69 AU
  • Rotation Period: 25.90 hours

Map Comparison

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Orbit Simulation

Sky Map

The position of Eris is indicated by a ◯ pink circle. Note that the object may not be in your current field of view. Use the controls below to adjust position, location, and time.