Key Facts

Overview

Martha is a large asteroid orbiting between Mars and Jupiter in the main portion of the asteroid belt. NASA JPL has not classified Martha as potentially hazardous because its orbit does not bring it close to Earth.

Martha orbits the sun every 1,690 days (4.63 years), coming as close as 2.68 AU and reaching as far as 2.88 AU from the sun. Martha is about 77.0 kilometers in diameter, making it larger than 99% of asteroids, comparable in size to the U.S. state of Delaware.

The rotation of Martha has been observed. It completes a rotation on its axis every 14.91 hours.

Martha's spectral type C (Tholen) / Ch (SMASSII) indicates that it is likely to contain water, iron, nickel, cobalt, nitrogen, and ammonia.

No Close Approaches

Martha's orbit is 1.68 AU from Earth's orbit at its closest point. This means that there is an extremely wide berth between this asteroid and Earth at all times.

Orbital simulations conducted by NASA JPL's CNEOS do not show any close approaches to Earth.

Images and Observations

Martha's orbit is determined by observations dating back to Oct. 13, 1879. It was last officially observed on Feb. 3, 2023. The IAU Minor Planet Center records 4,332 observations used to determine its orbit.

Accessibility and Exploration

This asteroid is not considered a viable target for human exploration by the NHATS study.

Similar Objects

These objects have orbits that share similar characteristics to the orbit of Martha:

References

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Orbital Elements

  • Epoch: 2460200.5 JD
  • Semi-major axis: 2.778 AU
  • Eccentricity: 0.0367
  • Inclination: 10.71°
  • Longitude of Ascending Node: 211.72°
  • Argument of Periapsis: 172.45°
  • Mean Anomaly: 36.81°

Physical Characteristics

  • Diameter: 76.98300 km
  • Magnitude: 9.49
  • Albedo: 0.061
  • Spectral type (Tholen): C
  • Spectral type (SMASS): Ch

Derived Characteristics

  • Orbit Period: 1,690 days (4.63 years)
  • Avg. Orbit Speed: 17.88 km/s
  • Aphelion Distance: 2.88 AU
  • Perihelion Distance: 2.68 AU
  • Rotation Period: 14.91 hours
  • Approx. Composition: water, iron, nickel, cobalt, nitrogen, and ammonia.

Map Comparison

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Orbit Simulation

Sky Map

The position of Martha is indicated by a ◯ pink circle. Note that the object may not be in your current field of view. Use the controls below to adjust position, location, and time.